President Donald Trump’s decision to double tariffs on Indian imports to 50% could have significant repercussions for American consumers, with a variety of textiles and even certain seafoods at risk of price hikes.
The levy against India, which came into effect on Wednesday, is one of the highest Trump has imposed on a foreign country. The charge was notably doubled due to India’s purchasing of Russian oil, something Trump—who is threatening further economic sanctions on Russia as he attempts to broker a peace deal in the Ukraine war—has voiced his disapproval over. The European Union also has a ban on most Russian oil products.
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Vice President J.D. Vance told NBC’s Meet the Press on Sunday that the tariffs against India would make it more difficult “for the Russians to get rich from their oil economy.”
In the midst of the geo-political moves, a number of businesses—and, in turn, consumers—stand to feel the impact.
More than $85 billion in goods were imported to the U.S. from India in 2024, according to the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative. Furthermore, two-thirds of the largest U.S. companies have operations in India, the New York Times reports.
As the impact of the U.S. tariffs on Indian imports begins to take hold, here’s a look at how American consumers could feel the effects.
Shrimp and certain high-value food items
A Tuesday report by the Global Trade Research Initiative, an Indian research group, predicts that Indian exports to the U.S. will fall to just under $50 billion in the fiscal year 2026, due to the new tariff rates. By comparison, more than $56 billion has been imported from India to the U.S. from January through June this year.
The heightened tariffs stand to particularly impact the shrimp industry, as India is one of the leading suppliers of seafood to the U.S.
Shrimp farmers in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh have already been squeezed by the initial 25% tariff levied against India in early August, per the report, and they now stand to be further impacted by the doubled rate. The U.S. initially responded to the tariffs by turning to alternative markets in Ecuador, Indonesia, and Vietnam to source the product, researchers added.
A number of regional-specific food items are facing similar challenges. Spice industry workers in the Indian areas of Unjha, Guntur, and Erode have reported difficulties in selling products following the initial tariffs, researchers say, in contrast with the 17% increase in volume of spice exports recorded from 2024 to 2025.
American companies are now turning to businesses in Pakistan for basmati rice, Vietnam for spices, and Kenya and Sri Lanka for tea. The changes in location could well result in a change in the price markers presented to American consumers.
Read More: Why Trump’s Tariffs Could Raise Grocery Prices
Textiles and apparel
Textiles, jewelry, and apparel stand to be heavily affected by the change, as these sectors rely on the U.S. for 35% or more of their global export share, according to the Global Trade Research Initiative.
“This is an absolute shock,” Puran Dawar, an Indian leather footwear exporter is quoted as telling NPR. According to Dawar, the short-term impacts of the tariffs will reduce Indian domestic labor opportunities as companies scramble to find other markets to sell their goods to.
Prior to the new tariff rate, India was heralded for its lower production costs. Now, the U.S. will likely turn to other countries to source these products, including Israel or Belgium for their diamond or gold needs, and Vietnam or Bangladesh for clothing. Many of these countries are still facing their own elevated tariffs, though Bangladesh negotiated theirs down from 37 to 20% earlier this month. (The rate levied against Bangladesh, the world’s second-largest garment supplier, is now the same as the import tax for Vietnam.)
For American consumers, who are already seeing a higher price tag on their clothing goods, the new higher tariffs in India could have a knock-on effect.
Furniture, bedding, and carpets could face similar pains, especially if the tariffs lead to the potential shutdown of carpet factories in Bhadohi, Mirzapur, and Srinagar. Traditional Kashmiri carpet makers are reportedly worried about such challenges.
Researchers are also concerned that in light of the heightened levies, other countries could “potentially lock India out of key markets” even if the tariffs are one day rolled back.
“The entire industry is in trauma,” Kirit Bhansali, chairman of India’s Gem and Jewelry Export Promotion Council, is quoted as telling CBC News, explaining that the gem industry relies on a small profit margin. Bhansali estimated that around 175,000 gem industry workers could be affected by the tariffs.
Read More: Why Tomatoes Are Becoming a Lot More Expensive
Notable exemptions
Although many Indian goods are facing steep import taxes, the U.S. did outline exceptions for the Indian pharmaceutical industry, which similarly heavily relies on the U.S. market.
Trump has threatened to place a “small tariff” on pharmaceutical exports to the U.S., with the intention to increase the charge in a few years, but no official action has been taken.
Similar exceptions are in place for semiconductors and other electronics, as well as steel and aluminium, which face their own set of tariffs. Trump’s decision to make smartphones exempt from his reciprocal tariffs is a strong asset for India’s economy and American consumers alike, especially as reports show that India has overtaken China when it comes to smartphone exports to the U.S.